Samuel jackson



S. JACKSON. ROOK BREAKER.

(No Model.)

Patented Sept. 25, 1894.

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STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL JACKSON, OF SYRACUSE, NEW' YORK, ASSIGNOR TO EDWI JACKSON, OFSAME PLACE.

ROCK-BREAKER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 526,654, datedSeptember 25, 1894. Application filed January 22, 1894. Serial No.497.594. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, t may concern:

Beit known that. I, SAMUEL. JACKSON, of Syracuse, in the county ofOnondaga, in the State of New York, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Rock-Breakers, of which the following, taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

My invention relates to rock-breaking noachinery, and particularly tothat class in which a chisel is mounted upon a reciprocating shank,which is reciprocated by compressing a liquid first on one side of thepiston head to which the shank is connected, and then reversing tocompress it upon the other side forcing theshank and chisel downward tostrike a blow, and that upon the other side lifting it from a blow intoposition for the next.

My 0b.] ect is to produce a rock-breaker, consisting of atubularchamber,dividedinto two compartments, of variable size, by means of areciprocating piston head, the chisel shank being connected to saidpiston head; in which the ends of the chamber, or of the compartments,are in alignment or parallel with each other, or in any other manner bywhich said compartments may be erected and a reciprocating piston isseated in each end, said pistons being connected to each other and by aconnecting rod, to acrank mechanism, whereby by the reciprocation ofsaid pistons the liquid in one compartment is compressed, and that inthe other is relieved of pressure; in which means are provided wherebypart of the liquid in one compartment can be passed into the other, tovary the length of each compartment, by changing the normal position ofthe dividing piston head, and thereby feeding the chisel up or down; inwhich the body is pivoted upon a suitable support, whereby the chiselcanbe swung around in the arc of a circle-when cutting a trench,according to its width, and in which the upper compartment (or both) isprovided with an air oompression chamber, whereby the force of the blowof the chisel is increased.

My invention consists in the several novel features of construction andoperation hereinafter described and which are specifically set forth inthe claims hereunto annexed.

It is constructed as follows, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Figure l, is a vertical section, partly inelevation, of the machine, omitting its support. Fig. 2, is a top planof asupport therefor, the dotted line indicating the pivotal swing ofthe machine and of the chisel.

A-- is the tubular body, having curved end portions, arranged so thatthe ends a -b arein alignment with each other. This body is divided intocompartments -c- -c by the piston head -dto which the tubular or solidshank -eis connected and -eis the cutting chisel or tool mounted uponthe shank, in any ordinary manner, -hbeing a stuffing box through whichthe shank is reciprocated to strike a blow with the chisel and toretract it for another blow.

Pistons -a- -bare mounted in the ends --aband are connected by thepiston rod -twhich passes through the stuffing box -t'- and is connectedto the cross-head -mof which -mis a guide, and -n is a pitman rodconnected to said head and to the crank-pin upon the pulley or wheel--n-. The pistons -a- --bare also provided with stuffing-boxes p of anyordinary construction, whereby the packing is adapted to be adjusted tomake a liquid-tight joint and yet permit said pistons to bereciprocated.

At -r- I show an ordinary air-pressure chamber analogous to the classused upon forcepumps which may be located at any place desired; and -risan inlet pipe for letting the liquid into the compartment -cwhendesired, a suitable stuing box, or boxes, being provided for the pipeconnected to said air-chamber, and also for the liquid inlet-pipewherever it may be located.

A by-pass pipe -sconnects the compartments -c- -c--, provided withstop-cocks, -sand --s-, and check valves (not shown) set both ways fromthe three-way cock at the junction of the main pipe and branches, and,if desired, having branches upon its lower end, within the compartment-c substantially as shown. In this manner, when said stop-cocks areopen, then the raising of the piston -awill force a quantity IOO of theliquid from the chamber --cdown into the chamber -c-, until a sufficientquantity of liquid is inthe lower chamber, and then the stop-cock isclosed, and the piston head -dis supported by the liquid, or by theliquid and air in the compartment -cbetween said head and the piston-b-. Then when the pistons -a- -bare simultaneously raised, the liquidin the compartment -cis compressed, and that in the compartment c' isrelieved, in equal degree, from pressure, and consequently the pistonhead is forced down to strike a blow with the chisel; and then when themovement of the pistons is reversed, the piston head is retracted readyfor'another stroke.

The chisel is fed downward by increasing the quantity of the liquid inthe chamber -cby pumping it from -c-; and is fed upward by reversingthis process.

At *t* I show one method of pivoting said body so that it can be swungso that the chisel will traverse an arc of a circle, as from one side ofa trench to the other.

This apparatus is especially valuable for breaking up shale or othersoft, friable rock, preparatory toits removal from the trench for asewer, or water or gas main, doing the work veryrapidly and effectively.

At -w-l show a pivotal mounting whereby the apparatus can be tilted tocut under.

It will be seen that my apparatusoperates without any exhaust, and withno loss of liquid, except what may leak through the stuffing boxes; andthat the same liquid can be used for a great length of time; and thatany kind of liquid or gas can be used, preferably using, in coldweather, a kind which will not congeal or be deteriorated by lowtemperature. This apparatus can be also used for drilling wells, fordrilling holes for blasting, for power hammers, and many other analogouspurposes where a vertical blow is desired, or where it is desirable tohave one piston follow another to transmit power for producing areciprocating movement of a tool or implement away from the pistons, orthe place where the power is primarily applied for whatever purpose maybe desired.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secu-re by Letters Patent,is-

l. A tubular body, pivotally mounted, and having its ends curved intoalignment, a piston head in said body, a chisel carried by said head,pistons mounted in said ends, connected to each other and to a pitmanrod and means to actuate said pitman.

2. A tubular body,having its ends curved into alignment, pistons in saidends, a piston head in said body dividing it into liquidholdingcompartments, a chisel carried by said head, and means to transfer theliquid from o ne compartment, to the other to feed the chiselvertically.

3. A tubular body having its ends curved into alignment parallel to saidbody, a reciprocatory piston head in said body dividing it intocompartments of variable size, a chisel carried by said head, connectedpistons in said ends and means to reciprocate them.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 28th day ofDecember, 1893.

SAMUEL JACKSON.

In presence of- C. W. SMITH, HOWARD P. DENIsoN.

